Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia

Earthquake with magnitude of ML 2.8 on date 07-10-2021 and time 19:18:22 (Italy) in region 2 km NE Bertinoro (FC)

A magnitude ML 2.8 earthquake occured in region: 2 km NE Bertinoro (FC), on

  • 07-10-2021 17:18:22 (UTC)
  • 07-10-2021 19:18:22 (UTC +02:00) Italian time

and geographic coordinates (lat, lon) 44.1690, 12.1490 at 15 km depth.

The earthquake was located by: Bollettino Sismico Italiano INGV.

Search earthquakes: Any within 30 km radius

The values of hypocentral coordinates and magnitude may be revised at a later time as more information becomes available.

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Municipalities within 20 km from the epicenter

Distances are determinated based on the geographic coordintes of the (Istat).
Municipality Region Dist Inh Cum Inh
Bertinoro FC 2 11059 11059
Forlimpopoli FC 3 13290 24349
Meldola FC 8 9970 34319
Cesena FC 8 96758 131077
Forlì FC 11 117913 248990
Predappio FC 15 6346 255336
Montiano FC 16 1716 257052
Castrocaro Terme e Terra del Sole FC 16 6426 263478
Gambettola FC 16 10660 274138
Longiano FC 18 7126 281264
Cervia RA 19 28940 310204
Roncofreddo FC 20 3386 313590

Municipalities with at least 50000 inhabitants

An earthquake occurred to
8 Km W of Cesena (96758 inhabitants)
11 Km SE of Forlì (117913 inhabitants)
25 Km SE of Faenza (58541 inhabitants)
28 Km S of Ravenna (159116 inhabitants)
35 Km W of Rimini (147750 inhabitants)
40 Km SE of Imola (69797 inhabitants)
68 Km W of Pesaro (94582 inhabitants)
74 Km E of Bologna (386663 inhabitants)
79 Km W of Fano (60888 inhabitants)
81 Km N of Arezzo (99543 inhabitants)
84 Km NE of Firenze (382808 inhabitants)
85 Km SE of Ferrara (133155 inhabitants)
90 Km NE of Scandicci (50609 inhabitants)
90 Km E of Prato (191150 inhabitants)
Recent and historical seismicity

These maps show the seismic activity in different time intervals, before the seismic event to which they refer. Data reported in the first two maps come from the analysis carried out in real time by the personnel of the INGV Operating Rooms, immediately after each earthquake. The third map shows data from 1985 to the date of the earthquake: the locations are reviewed by the seismological analysts of the INGV Italian Seismic Bulletin (Bollettino Sismico Italiano dell’INGV). The localization parameters (hypocentral coordinates and magnitude) are the best possible estimate with the data available to the INGV, but are constantly updated according to further data that become available. The location and magnitude parameters, subsequently reviewed by seismological analysts, may vary.

Earthquakes of the 3 days preceding this event

Earthquakes of the 3 days preceding this event

This map shows the earthquake epicenters with magnitude ≥ 0.0, localized with data recorded by the National Seismic Network and other collaborative networks both in Italy and in neighboring countries, in the 72 hours preceding this event. The size of the circle indicates the different classes of magnitude. The colors indicate the different time intervals preceding the seismic event. The black and white star is the epicenter of the current earthquake.
Earthquakes of the 90 days preceding this event

Earthquakes of the 90 days preceding this event

This map shows the earthquake epicenters with magnitude ≥ 2.0, localized with data recorded by the National Seismic Network and other collaborative networks both in Italy and in neighboring countries, in the 90 days preceding this event. The size of the circle indicates the different classes of magnitude. The colors indicate the different time intervals preceding the seismic event. The black and white star is the epicenter of the current earthquake.
Earthquakes from 1985 to the date of the event

Earthquakes from 1985 to the date of the event

This map shows the earthquake epicenters with magnitude ≥ 3.0, localized with data recorded by the National Seismic Network and other collaborative networks both in Italy and in neighboring countries, from 1985 to the date of this event. The size of the circle indicates the different classes of magnitude. The colors indicate the different time intervals preceding the seismic event. The black and white star is the epicenter of the current earthquake.
Earthquakes since 1000 AD until 2019

Earthquakes since 1000 AD until 2019

This map shows the epicenters of the historical earthquakes catalogue CPT15 (Catalogo Parametrico dei Terremoti Italiani, 2015 version 3.0, https://doi.org/10.13127/cpti/cpti15.3) since 1000 AD until 2019. The size of the square indicates the different classes of magnitude. For earthquakes with magnitude ≥ 6.0, it is also shown the year of occurrence and the magnitude value. The black and white star is the epicenter of the current earthquake.
Seismic hazard

Seismic hazard maps provide probabilistic estimates of the earthquake ground shaking exceeding a given threshold in a given geographic region within a given time window. Thus, it is not a deterministic prediction - a target that may be never reached given the complexity of the earthquake physical phenomenon - nor of the maximum expected earthquake since this has extremely low probabilities to occur.

In 2004, it was published the seismic hazard map of Italy (http://zonesismiche.mi.ingv.it) that provides a picture of the most hazardous geographic regions. The seismic hazard map of Italy (GdL MPS, 2004; rif. Ordinanza PCM del 28 aprile 2006, n. 3519, All. 1b) provides the 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years of the horizontal acceleration at rock sites (i.e., Vs30>800 m/s; cat. A, 3.2.1 of the D.M. 14.09.2005).

The colours indicate the various values of the ground acceleration that have 10% to be exceeded within 50 years. In general, the colours associated to low values of acceleration refer to areas that are less hazardous and stronger earthquakes repeat less frequently although they may still occur.

Seismic hazard map

Seismic hazard map

This map shows the seismic hazard map of Italy for the region where the earthquake occurred.
Shakemap
Felt maps
Preliminary map of the earthquake effects from the web questionnaire

Preliminary map of the earthquake effects from the web questionnaire

This map shows the distribution of earthquake resentment in the area, expressed in terms of intensity on the MCS scale (Mercalli-Cancani-Sieberg). Intensities are determined using data from questionnaires collected on the website http://www.hsit.it. The intensities shown are determined considering all the reports received from each municipality, and are all the more reliable the greater the number of questionnaires. The collected data are subjected to an automatic statistical filter, but are not checked individually. In particular, intensities greater than or equal to the VI degree of the MCS or EMS scale require on-site verification by specialized personnel. The black star is the epicenter of the earthquake that occurred. This map is updated every time citizens fill out new questionnaires. The number of questionnaires processed to obtain this map, the date and time of the last update are shown at the top right.
Locations history
Type Magnitude Date and Time (UTC) Latitude Longitude Depth (km) Published time (UTC) Author Location ID
Bulletin
Rev1000 		ML 2.8 2021-10-07
17:18:22		 44.169 12.1488 15 2022-03-30
13:04:12		 Bollettino Sismico Italiano INGV 96761601
Reviewed
Rev100 		ML 2.8 2021-10-07
17:18:21		 44.184 12.1347 22 2021-10-07
17:49:51		 Sala Sismica INGV-Roma 96326961
Preferred location and magnitude until now.
Origin information

Origin

Field Value
Time (UTC) 2021-10-07 17:18:22 ± 0.13
Latitude 44.1690 ± 0.0081
Longitude 12.1488 ± 0.0088
Depth (km) 15 ± 2 (from location)
Evaluation mode of Origin manual
Evaluation status of Origin reviewed
Version 1000 -> BULLETIN-INGV
Event type earthquake
Origin ID 96761601

Uncertainty

Field Value
Preferred uncertainty description uncertainty ellipse
Semi-major axis of confidence ellipse (meter) 815
Semi-minor axis of confidence ellipse (meter) 479
Azimuth of major axis of confidence ellipse. Measured clockwise from South-North direction at epicenter (gradi) 208
Circular confidence region, given by single value of horizontal uncertainty (meter) 820.0
Confidence level of the uncertainty (%) 68

Quality

Field Value
Largest azimuthal gap in station distribution as seen from epicenter (degree) 119
Number of associated phases, regardless of their use for origin computation 62
Number of defining phases 62
RMS of the travel time residuals of the arrivals used for the origin computation (sec) 0.43
Epicentral distance of station closest to the epicenter (degree) 0.12501
Epicentral distance of station farthest from the epicenter (degree) 1.52885
Number of stations at which the event was observed 52
Number of stations from which data was used for origin computation 52
Magnitudes information

ML:2.8

Field Value
Value 2.8
Uncertainty 0.2
Num. used stations 42
Type of magnitude ML
Reference to an origin 96326961
Agency INGV
Autore Sala Sismica INGV-Roma
Time of creation (UTC) 2021-10-07 17:49:51

ML:2.8

Field Value
Value 2.8
Uncertainty 0.3
Num. used stations 50
Type of magnitude ML
Reference to an origin 96761601
Agency INGV
Autore Bollettino Sismico Italiano INGV
Time of creation (UTC) 2022-01-10 15:24:58
Picking and Arrival
SCNL Time Uncertainty Polarity Evaluation_mode Phase Azimuth Distance(km) Takeoff_angle Residual Weight
IV.MMO1.EHN. 2021-10-07T17:18:50.22 0.3 undecidable manual P 146 169.6968 54 0.23 56
IV.ARCI.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:48.95 0.3 undecidable manual P 201 155.8218 91 0.93 47
IV.CSP1.EHE. 2021-10-07T17:18:47.27 0.3 undecidable manual P 144 146.5422 92 0.68 54
IV.PF6.EHN. 2021-10-07T17:18:46.66 0.6 undecidable manual P 143 141.8469 92 0.79 35
IV.MGAB.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:46.14 0.3 undecidable manual P 181 139.3605 92 0.65 56
IV.FDMO.HHN. 2021-10-07T17:18:46.86 0.3 undecidable manual P 149 146.5422 92 0.28 61
IV.CESI.HHE. 2021-10-07T17:18:46.80 0.3 undecidable manual P 155 142.746 92 0.8 52
IV.FROS.CHE. 2021-10-07T17:18:45.09 0.3 undecidable manual P 217 132.867 92 0.6 57
IV.AOI.HHE. 2021-10-07T17:18:45.40 0.3 undecidable manual P 120 134.9649 92 0.59 57
IV.CING.HNZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:43.11 0.3 undecidable manual P 136 121.5894 92 0.37 63
IV.ASSB.HHN. 2021-10-07T17:18:43.69 0.3 undecidable manual P 162 131.4684 92 -0.58 57
IV.EL6.EHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:43.59 1.0 undecidable manual P 140 120.4905 92 1.02 16
IV.PESA.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:41.92 0.6 undecidable manual S 114 60.5949 94 0.66 43
IV.FOSV.HNE. 2021-10-07T17:18:40.76 0.3 undecidable manual P 153 108.7134 92 0 69
IV.CSNT.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:40.47 0.3 undecidable manual P 222 103.3188 92 0.53 63
IV.CRMI.HNN. 2021-10-07T17:18:40.64 0.3 undecidable manual P 246 102.12 92 0.89 54
IV.OSSC.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:40.41 0.3 undecidable manual P 226 101.7204 92 0.73 58
IV.PARC.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:40.95 0.6 undecidable manual S 173 58.1973 95 0.35 48
IV.MURB.HHE. 2021-10-07T17:18:39.70 0.3 undecidable manual P 163 104.9172 92 -0.48 63
IV.ATVA.EHE. 2021-10-07T17:18:39.98 0.3 undecidable manual P 174 99.4227 92 0.66 61
IV.ATLO.EHE. 2021-10-07T17:18:38.76 0.3 undecidable manual P 168 96.9252 93 -0.19 68
IV.ASQU.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:38.56 0.6 undecidable manual S 215 50.3163 96 0.05 52
IV.SSFR.HHN. 2021-10-07T17:18:38.89 0.3 undecidable manual P 148 95.8263 93 0.12 70
IV.ATMI.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:38.99 0.3 undecidable manual P 174 93.1401 93 0.63 62
IV.CAFI.HNN. 2021-10-07T17:18:38.41 0.3 undecidable manual P 189 94.3389 93 -0.13 69
IV.TB02.DHZ.01 2021-10-07T17:18:38.08 0.3 undecidable manual P 167 91.0422 93 0.04 72
IV.CPGN.EHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:37.90 0.6 undecidable manual S 161 43.0236 97 1.31 34
IV.FRON.EHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:36.82 0.3 undecidable manual P 147 85.7475 93 -0.4 67
IV.ATPI.EHE. 2021-10-07T17:18:36.75 0.3 undecidable manual P 166 82.251 93 0.07 73
IV.ATPC.HHE. 2021-10-07T17:18:36.65 0.3 undecidable manual P 162 80.2641 93 0.27 70
IV.ATBU.EHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:36.54 0.3 undecidable manual P 157 83.25 93 -0.31 68
IV.ATSC.EHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:36.39 0.6 undecidable manual P 152 93.1401 93 -1.98 19
IV.MPAG.EHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:35.64 0.3 undecidable manual P 141 77.2671 93 -0.28 70
IV.ATMC.EHE. 2021-10-07T17:18:35.88 0.3 undecidable manual P 177 80.1642 93 -0.49 66
IV.SFI.EHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:35.14 0.3 undecidable manual S 220 37.9287 98 -0.09 78
IV.CRTC.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:35.74 0.6 undecidable manual P 127 73.5708 94 0.39 46
IV.LMD.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:34.98 0.6 undecidable manual S 254 36.6411 99 0.1 52
IV.NARO.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:34.27 0.3 undecidable manual P 151 70.8735 94 -0.67 63
IV.APEC.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:34.78 0.3 undecidable manual P 162 71.0733 94 -0.19 72
IV.SSP9.EHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:34.14 0.3 undecidable manual P 181 65.9895 94 -0.05 74
IV.BRIS.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:33.61 0.3 undecidable manual S 282 31.0467 101 0.19 76
IV.CRE.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:33.00 0.3 undecidable manual P 195 62.9925 94 -0.73 62
IV.MTRZ.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:33.45 0.3 undecidable manual P 286 59.6958 95 0.23 72
IV.SEI.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:33.98 0.3 undecidable manual P 259 64.1913 94 0.07 74
IT.FAZ.HNZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:33.90 0.6 undecidable manual S 305 25.0527 106 2.04 19
IV.RUFI.EHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:32.90 0.3 undecidable manual P 234 62.8926 94 -0.81 61
IV.PESA.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:32.83 0.3 undecidable manual P 114 60.5949 94 -0.54 68
IV.PARC.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:32.32 0.3 undecidable manual P 173 58.1973 95 -0.67 64
IV.PE3.EHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:32.74 0.3 undecidable manual P 152 59.3961 95 -0.43 70
IV.VISG.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:32.17 0.3 undecidable manual P 272 56.8986 95 -0.62 67
IV.BLLA.EHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:32.63 0.3 undecidable manual S 96 25.752 105 0.58 70
IV.ASQU.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:31.11 0.3 undecidable manual P 215 50.3163 96 -0.67 65
IV.CPGN.EHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:30.76 0.6 undecidable manual P 161 43.0236 97 0.09 52
IV.IMOL.EHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:30.42 0.1 undecidable manual P 303 38.628 98 0.44 95
IV.RSM2.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:29.42 0.3 undecidable manual P 137 34.8429 100 0 80
IV.SFI.EHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:29.04 0.1 undecidable manual P 220 37.9287 98 -0.85 83
IV.BRSN.HNZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:29.49 0.3 undecidable manual S 337 13.875 126 0.32 75
IT.FAZ.HNZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:28.37 0.3 undecidable manual P 305 25.0527 106 0.44 73
IV.BRIS.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:28.44 0.1 positive manual P 282 31.0467 101 -0.39 100
IV.LMD.HHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:28.65 0.1 undecidable manual P 254 36.6411 99 -1.03 77
IV.BLLA.EHZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:27.36 0.1 undecidable manual P 96 25.752 105 -0.69 92
IV.BRSN.HNZ. 2021-10-07T17:18:25.59 0.1 positive manual P 337 13.875 126 -0.79 92
Station Magnitude and Amplitude
SCNL mag Generic_amplitude Period Type Category Unit Time_window_reference
IV.BRSN.EHE. ML:2.9 0.0064218115 1.6416 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:30.05
IV.BRIS.HNN. ML:1.6 0.00018384865 0.8992 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:32.47
IV.BLLA.EHN. ML:3.4 0.0121609345 0.4608 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:33.15
IV.BLLA.EHE. ML:2.9 0.0045142955 1.8336 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:33.93
IV.SFI.EHN. ML:2.7 0.001845 0.42 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:35.47
IV.SFI.HNN. ML:2.7 0.001865 0.42 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:35.47
IV.BRIS.HNE. ML:1.4 0.00010892829 0.6144 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:35.55
IV.SFI.EHE. ML:2.6 0.0013999025000000001 1.5904 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:35.87
IV.LMD.HHE. ML:2.9 0.0031500000000000005 0.2 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:36.61
IV.LMD.HHN. ML:2.9 0.0027949999999999997 0.16 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:36.90
IV.BRSN.EHN. ML:3.1 0.010334927499999999 1.1808 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:36.32
IV.BRSN.HNN. ML:3.1 0.0101082 1.1936 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:36.31
IV.SFI.HNE. ML:2.6 0.0014053395 0.3072 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:37.47
IV.BRSN.HNE. ML:3.0 0.0092545985 0.4352 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:37.45
IV.BRIS.HHE. ML:2.7 0.002363871 1.68 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:37.97
IV.RSM2.HHE. ML:2.7 0.0019327375 0.6144 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:38.09
IV.CPGN.EHN. ML:2.9 0.0023 1.34 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:39.87
IV.CRTC.HNE. ML:3.7 0.007103709999999999 1.0656 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:39.55
IV.ASQU.HHE. ML:2.7 0.001173165 0.2176 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:39.92
IV.IMOL.HNE. ML:2.8 0.002048575 1.808 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:40.95
IV.ASQU.HHN. ML:2.8 0.0015452775 0.4352 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:40.67
IV.RSM2.HHN. ML:2.7 0.0020055105 0.3584 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:41.31
IV.IMOL.HNN. ML:2.7 0.0018889960000000002 0.2432 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:41.51
IV.VISG.HHE. ML:2.0 0.0002411972 0.32 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:42.39
IV.CPGN.EHE. ML:2.8 0.00181 0.98 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:42.11
IV.VISG.HHN. ML:2.1 0.0002892053 0.2432 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:42.64
IV.PESA.HHN. ML:3.2 0.0033657505 0.1024 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:42.76
IV.PE3.EHN. ML:3.0 0.0020924375 0.3968 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:43.62
IV.BRIS.HHN. ML:2.7 0.0021420019999999996 1.4368 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:43.21
IV.RUFI.EHE. ML:2.6 0.0007905 0.5 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:44.47
IV.CRE.HHE. ML:2.6 0.0008015 0.28 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:44.63
IV.PARC.HHE. ML:2.5 0.0006146742499999999 1.6416 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:45.00
IV.PARC.HHN. ML:2.5 0.0006995 0.24 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:45.22
IV.RUFI.EHN. ML:2.7 0.0009859318999999999 1.2576 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:45.85
IV.CRE.HHN. ML:2.8 0.0013250000000000002 0.26 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:45.31
IV.PE3.EHE. ML:3.1 0.002715 0.4 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:46.22
IV.PESA.HHE. ML:3.1 0.002605788 0.2048 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:47.67
IV.APEC.HHE. ML:2.8 0.00097633005 1.7696 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:47.98
IV.NARO.HHN. ML:2.5 0.00047405170000000004 0.2048 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:48.13
IV.CRTC.HNN. ML:3.7 0.0079136075 0.8576 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:48.19
IV.MPAG.HNE. ML:2.5 0.0005197279500000001 0.1408 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:49.02
IV.MPAG.EHE. ML:2.5 0.0005409999999999999 1.4 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:49.03
IV.MPAG.HNN. ML:2.7 0.0007604299500000001 0.2176 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:49.41
IV.MPAG.EHN. ML:2.7 0.0007855 0.22 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:49.41
IV.APEC.HNE. ML:2.8 0.0011236302 0.3968 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:49.62
IV.APEC.HHN. ML:2.9 0.0013422209999999998 0.256 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:49.61
IV.NARO.HHE. ML:2.4 0.00044320765 0.3456 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:50.50
IV.CRTC.HHE. ML:3.0 0.0017061625 0.4096 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:51.31
IV.CRTC.HHN. ML:3.2 0.0021825840000000004 0.5632 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:51.48
IV.APEC.HNN. ML:2.8 0.0009718903999999999 1.1936 AML other m 2021-10-07T17:18:57.00
TDMT - Time Domain Moment Tensor
Fault Plane solutions in the area
Fault Plane solutions

Fault Plane solutions

The map reports the fault plane solutions for earthquakes in the region from 1977 to the date of this event. Red moment tensors are determined using the Regional Centroid Moment Tensor technique (RCMT, http://www.bo.ingv.it/RCMT) applied for earthquakes with magnitude larger than 4.5 in the Euro-Mediterranenan area. Occasionally, when a station azimuthal coverage exists RCMTs can be obtained also for earthquakes with magnitude down to 4.0. The gray moment tensors are obtained with the Time Domain Moment Tensor method (TDMT, /tdmt). This technique is applied to earthquakes with magnitude ML greater than 3.2, when it is possible. The size of symbols scales with the calculated moment magnitude Mw.
Download
Type Description Link
QuakeML - small Event, Origin, FocalMechanism Download
QuakeML - full Event, Origin, FocalMechanism, Amplitude, Arrival, Pick, Station Magnitude Download
Waveforms Seismic signals in miniseed + resp format Download